Looking at the changes of China's printing industr

Looking at the changes of China's printing industry in the past 10 years after China's entry into the WTO, seeking a new driving force for the development of the next 10 years has opened the door of China's economy to the world. As a result, China's printing industry is in an open global pattern, facing challenges again and again, and creating conditions for printing enterprises to use two markets and two resources, and obtain transformation and upgrading under the WTO framework. Now, in the tenth year of China's entry into WTO, China has become a major printing country. On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO, this magazine launched the special topic of China's printing industry changes in the past 10 years in the 5th, 6th and 7th editions, combed the profound changes brought to China's printing industry in the past 10 years after China's accession to the WTO, detailed the development process of printing related industries' going out and introduction, displayed the experience of printing enterprises in innovation guidance, transformation and upgrading, and sought new momentum for the development of the next 10 years while summarizing

On December 11, 2001, China formally joined the world trade organization, and it has been 10 years since then. China's import and export trade has increased rapidly in the past 10 years since China's entry into WTO, which has promoted the rapid development of China's economic construction. The gross domestic product increased from 11 trillion yuan in 2001 to 40 trillion yuan in 2010; The economic aggregate has successively overtaken Germany and Japan, ranking second in the world; The total import and export volume of goods increased from US $509.8 billion to US $3trillion; Become the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. At the same time, in the 10 years since China joined the WTO, China has kept its commitment to join the WTO and reduced the tariff rate of imported products year by year; Cancel all non-tariff measures such as import quota licenses; Fully liberalize the right to operate foreign trade; The total tariff level of China has been reduced from 15.3% before joining the WTO to 9.8%. All our commitments to the WTO have been fulfilled. China's entry into WTO for 10 years has not only brought earth shaking changes to China's economic development, but also made great contributions to the development of World Trade and the world economy

our printing industry, like other industries, has better fulfilled the commitments made by China's accession to the WTO in the 10 years since China's accession to the WTO. It has given many preferential policies in reducing tariffs on imported printing equipment, delegating power management, simplifying import procedures, promoting domestic and foreign exchanges, and foreign businessmen investing in China, especially in imported printing equipment, creating a good investment environment for foreign investors. In the past 10 years since China's entry into WTO, the biggest changes in China's policy on importing printing equipment are reflected in the following aspects

fulfill the WTO commitments, import tariffs have been greatly reduced

before joining the WTO, China's import tariffs on printing equipment were relatively high. The average import tax rate of 28 commonly used printing machines announced in 2001 was 16.576%, higher than the general level of WTO tariffs. In particular, the offset printing press, which the printing industry is most looking forward to, has an import tariff of up to 22% and a 17% import link adjustment tax (i.e. value-added tax). If you want to import a one million dollar offset press, it will cost 100 (122 1.17) =1427400 dollars, of which 427400 dollars is required to pay taxes alone. It can be seen that the tax burden of importing an offset press is heavy

after joining the WTO, China has conscientiously fulfilled its commitment to tariff concessions and has significantly reduced import tariffs year by year (see the attached table for details). Take offset printing machines as an example. Before joining the WTO, the import tariff rate was 22% in 2001, reduced to 14.8% in 2002, 12.4% in 2003 and 10% in 2004. Later, some high-tech technologies were reduced or exempted in the form of formulating provisional tax rates lower than the MFN tax rate and issuing documents. For example, from 2009, the tentative tax rate of offset press is 7%, which is reduced from 22% before China's entry into the WTO to 7%, which is rare in the world. Since 2009, China has also implemented the value-added tax deduction policy, which further reduces the burden on enterprises and further promotes the import of printing equipment

as China has conscientiously fulfilled its tariff reduction commitments, formulated correct policies and taken many effective measures, our commitments have been well implemented, and the import of foreign high-tech has been promoted. Take the flat paper offset press as an example. In 2001, 645 sets were imported, 785 sets were imported in 2002, 933 sets were imported in 2003, 1052 sets were imported in 2004, 1135 sets were imported in 2005, and then basically stabilized at more than 1000 sets every year

decentralization of import management and simplification of import procedures

the management methods of China's import of mechanical and electrical products include prohibition of import, restriction of import, import of quota products, import of specific products, automatic import license management, etc. The institutions that manage the import of mechanical and electrical products include the mechanical and electrical products import and export office of the Ministry of Commerce (the first level management organization) and the mechanical and electrical products import Office of relevant provincial (District, city) ministries and commissions, special economic zones, production and Construction Corps (the second level management organization). The former is responsible for the approval and issuance of import licenses for restricted imports, quota imported products and specific products, The latter is responsible for the approval and issuance of import licenses in the catalogue of goods subject to automatic import license administration

before China's accession to the WTO, few products could be included in the automatic import license management. The power to approve and issue licenses was basically vested in the mechanical and electrical office of the Ministry of Commerce. Flat paper and web offset printing machines, which are most widely used by printing enterprises, were first managed as restricted products and then as specific products for a long time. The import declaration procedure is complex and has many links. In addition to the examination and approval of the local governments at all levels, they also have to come to Beijing to apply for approval from the Ministry of Commerce and obtain import licenses. Most of them have to wait in line, which not only increases the burden on Enterprises, but also reduces the efficiency

after China's accession to the WTO, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued announcements No. 62, 72 and 94 in 2003, 2004 and 2005, and Announcement No. 107 in 2010, which successively delegated printing equipment with advanced technology and 37 tax items applicable to production, such as web paper and flat paper offset printing machines, to the secondary (provincial) management organization as the catalogue of goods under automatic import license management. Now it can be said that China has fully opened the printing equipment market. If printing enterprises want to import equipment, it can be solved in the province (District, city), which greatly facilitates enterprises and improves work efficiency. This move has been highly praised by the majority of printing enterprises, and has promoted the import of high-tech all resin matrix composite fan casings on aeroengines

After China's accession to the world trade organization, the Ministry of Commerce has revised the catalogue for the guidance of foreign investment industries several times and adopted a series of preferential policies, the most of which is the preferential policies of reducing and exempting import tariffs and import link adjustment tax (i.e. value-added tax) for the imported self-use equipment of foreign-invested enterprises in China, so as to create a good investment environment for foreign-invested enterprises in China, Attract and encourage foreign investors to invest in China. The main preferential policies and measures adopted are:

1 Implement the preferential policy of two exemptions and three reductions. That is, after the foreign-funded enterprises are put into operation and make profits, they will be exempted from income tax within two years, and the enterprise income tax will be halved in the next three years, which greatly reduces the risk of foreign investment

2. Foreign funded printing enterprises in China enjoy the same VAT deduction as domestic enterprises and the provisional tariff rate set by the General Administration of customs every year

3. Foreign investors who are allowed to invest in packaging, decoration and printing enterprises can apply for wholly-owned or controlled joint ventures. At the same time, on January 13, 2009, the national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the catalogue of advantageous industries for foreign investment in the central and western regions, which stipulates that foreign investors can enjoy the preferential treatment of tariff and value-added tax exemption for imported self-use equipment in an innovative measure of investing in packaging, decoration and printing enterprises in Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan and other seven provinces

4. Foreign funded enterprises that allow 100% of the printed matter to be exported for processing with supplied materials to import their own printing equipment are exempted from tariff and value-added tax; For a wholly-owned printing enterprise that exports 100% of its printed matter, the tax levied on the import of its own printing equipment will be refunded in advance, and will be refunded in five years after verification

5. Formulate unit consumption standards for printing and processing trade to facilitate the import and export of foreign-funded enterprises. Before and after joining the WTO, unit consumption standards for processing trade such as books and newspapers, children's books, toy color boxes, shoe boxes, cigarette boxes, film boxes, etc. have been formulated, which greatly facilitates the verification and cancellation of import and export printing products of foreign-funded enterprises in the customs

the adoption of the above more open and more preferential policies has created a good investment environment for foreign investors, attracted many foreign investors to invest in printing enterprises in China, greatly promoted the exchange of printing technology between China and foreign countries, especially the introduction of high and new technology. Foreign funded enterprises have brought advanced technology, advanced management, high-quality outsourcing business, and of course, market competition, It has effectively promoted the prosperity and development of China's printing industry. Now it can be said that the most advanced printing equipment in the world is basically available in China, and high-quality printing products are constantly sent to all parts of the world. China has become a major printing country in the world